Wikipedia:Pronunciation respelling key

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This is a pronunciation respelling key (prə-NUN-see-AY-shən ree-SPEL-ing kee) used in some Wikipedia articles to spell out the pronunciations of English words. It does not use special symbols or diacritics apart from the schwa, "ə", which is used for the e in bitten, and bold typeface in oo, which is the vowel in food.

However, the standard set of symbols used to show the pronunciation of English words in Wikipedia is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Because the IPA can also be used for languages other than English, it can be used more broadly than this system. On the other hand IPA requires specialized knowledge to understand, while this system does not for fluent English speakers. Articles often provide pronunciations in both systems (see documentation at "Template:Respell" for an example).

1 Syllables and stress
2 Vowels
3 Consonants
4 Optional sounds
5 See also
6 Notes

Syllables and stress

Syllables are separated by hyphens ("-"). The stress on a syllable is indicated by writing the syllable in small capital letters.

Vowels

Consonants

Optional sounds

When a certain sound is pronounced by some speakers but not by others, the sound is put inside parentheses (round brackets). It is correct to say the word either with or without the sound. For example, the respelled pronunciation of the word truism is "TROO-iz-(ə)m". It can either be pronounced "TROO-iz-əm" or "TROO-iz-m".

Notes

^ Wikipedia editors can create small capital letters like this: "{{sc|syllable in lowercase (small) letters}}".
^ See "Bad-lad split" for details of this distinction.
^ This assumes the absence of the cot-caught merger. In accents with this merger, aw represents the same sound as o.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d See Fern-fir-fur merger for details of this distinction.
^ This assumes "happy-tensing". In accents without happy-tensing, unstressed ee is pronounced like i.
^ Dependent on accent, the /j/ is pronounced after some consonants, coalesceses with other consonants or is dropped entirely.
^ Value depends on voicing of following consonant; phonemic for very few words.

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